With the improvement of steel performance and the increase of new materials, the requirements for cutting in mechanical processing are getting higher and higher. Common sawing machines include bow saws, circular saws, and band saws. For example, in bow saws, the saw blade reciprocates at a slow speed, and the return stroke of the saw blade is an empty stroke, so the production efficiency is very low; for circular saws, the radius of the saw blade must be larger than the diameter or height of the cut piece, so the diameter of the saw blade must be large, and in order to improve the rigidity, the thickness of the saw blade must also be increased accordingly, resulting in the structure of the machine tool itself being increased and heavier, making the manufacturing cost high and the power consumption high.
In particular, because the saw blade is too thick, a large amount of high-quality metal materials become sawdust under the saw teeth, and the consumption of materials in the cutting process is very amazing: at the same time, the band saw blade has a wide range of applications, can cut almost all steels, and has a small thermal impact, high cutting efficiency, can be cut in batches, low cutting costs, and high material utilization.
The cutting process of materials is generally the first step of mechanical processing. The processing methods include flame cutting, wire cutting, etc. However, considering the requirements of material saving, energy saving, and high efficiency, band saw cutting is the most ideal processing method. Its application range is becoming increasingly wide, and the cutting performance requirements of saw teeth are becoming higher and higher. Therefore, it is necessary to study the tooth shape of saw teeth, which is of great significance to improving efficiency and reducing processing costs.
Static analysis of the spring steel backing material of the bimetallic band saw blade shows that the deformation of the backing material in the feed direction is much smaller than the feed depth, and has little effect on the cutting performance of the saw teeth. Through the observation of the chips, it was found that the chip width of the eccentric teeth and the middle teeth was similar, proving that the saw seam formed by sawing is a step shape.
